Special Article Collection on Climate Change
Climate change represents one of the most significant challenges of the 21st century, characterized by a complex web of environmental, social, and economic impacts. From rising global temperatures and sea levels to increasingly severe weather events, CO2 concentration, and loss of biodiversity, the consequences of climate change are pervasive and profound.
Addressing the multifaceted challenges posed by climate change requires concerted efforts across multiple disciplines, with engineering playing a pivotal role in driving the necessary transformations to safeguard our planet and foster a more sustainable and resilient future. Through research and innovation engineers across the globe develop solutions to mitigate and adapt to the consequences of climate change.
Aiming at contributing to understanding and highlighting pressing challenges of our time, IEEE TAP has collected high-impact research published in the Journal reflecting the role of antennas and propagation technologies in the field of climate change. This expanding article collection explores themes of climate change and underscores the critical intersection between advanced technological research and environmental sustainability.
Articles from this expanding article collection have been selected to be highlighted below. Aiming to facilitate a multidisciplinary dialogue that bridges the gap between engineering and environmental sciences, we have asked authors of these selected articles to share their views on the ways AP technologies can be utilized in warning systems for natural disasters, as well as to showcase how their research revolutionizes this field.
Diurnal Variation and Influencing Factors of Evaporation Duct Height
Lang Huang, Xiaofeng Zhao, Yudi Liu, Pinglv Yang; Jiaqi Ding, Zeming Zhou
Q1: How can antennas and propagation technologies be utilized in early warning systems for natural disasters exacerbated by climate change?
In ducting layers, the antenna can change the elevation angle as well as the frequency of the emitted electromagnetic waves to realize over-the-horizon propagation and objectives can make use of the blind zones to achieve stealth.
Q2: How could the developments proposed in this paper revolutionize climate change research?
It is revealed that the diurnal variation of evaporation ducts is mainly related with sea-land breeze resulting from the land-sea thermodynamic properties differences. What is more, the high center of evaporation duct height occurring part of the day within the range of the low center along the Luzon coast are discovered in spring and the phenomenon is well explained.
A propagation model for the real-time prediction of transmission loss
Qiang Zhao, Li-Xia Yang, Xiang-Ming Guo, Dong Zhu, Yu-Sheng Zhang, Yi-Wen Wei, Qing-Liang Li
Q1: How can antennas and propagation technologies be utilized in early warning systems for natural disasters exacerbated by climate change?
Antennas and propagation technologies can be utilized in climate detection, observation monitoring, analysis, forecasting and the early warning information dissemination and exchange.
Q2: How could the developments proposed in this paper revolutionize climate change research?
Troposcatter communications can provide near instantaneous point-to-point communication channels with the advantages of its confidentiality, stability, long propagation distance, and transmission bandwidth of several megahertz. The proposed model can realize the real-time calculation or prediction of the transmission loss, which can provide support for rapid emergency communication.
Scattering From Dense Particles in Applications to Snow Remote Sensing
Jiyue Zhu, Leung Tsang, Xiaolan Xu
Q1: How can antennas and propagation technologies be utilized in early warning systems for natural disasters exacerbated by climate change?
Avalanches and floods caused by melting snow can have a devastating impact in the mountain regions with millions in losses. Accurately modeling the snow electromagnetically can help us retrieve physical snow parameters like snow density and depth from radar observations of satellites. These parameters can then be used to predict the conditions of the snow in the mountains and can give us early warnings which will help mitigate these natural disasters.
Q2: How could the developments proposed in this paper revolutionize climate change research?
The research proposed in this article uses full wave electromagnetic simulations of Maxwell’s equations on computer modeled snow (as two-phase dense media particles) to get both the co-polarized and cross-polarize backscattering response as seen from a satellite radar accurately. Having accurate modeling of cross-polarization using the full wave simulations along with co-polarized signals, one can retrieve more physical parameters of the snow under observation. This can help in monitoring extensive snow conditions and predicting natural disasters caused by snow.
Evaluating Climate Change Impact on Millimeter-Wavelength Satellite Communications Through Sun-Tracking Microwave Radiometry
Marianna Biscarini, Giovanni Stazi, Luca Milani, Lorenzo Luini, Carlo Riva, Domenico Cimini, Saverio Teodosio Nilo, Sabrina Gentile, Filomena Romano, George Brost, Antonio Martellucci
Q1: How can antennas and propagation technologies be utilized in early warning systems for natural disasters exacerbated by climate change?
Antennas and propagation technologies are essential in early warning systems for climate-driven disasters. They enable monitoring sea levels, weather and land conditions via satellite and ground-based systems. They ensure continuous and rapid communication, facilitating timely alerts and emergency messages, to minimize damage and save lives. Propagation modeling predicts disaster paths (e.g., wildfires, floods, hurricanes), facilitating proactive measures to mitigate impacts.
Q2: How could the developments proposed in this paper revolutionize climate change research?
Climate change alters the atmospheric channel through variations in precipitation intensity, frequency, and timing, impacting terrestrial and satellite communications. This study employs Sun-tracking, an innovative microwave radiometric technique operational in all weather conditions. It provides statistical characterization and modeling of the atmospheric channel, crucial for quantifying climate-induced variations up to millimeter wavelengths, filling a critical gap in current research.
Discover the entire article collection below:
- The Diurnal Variation of the Evaporation Duct Height and Its Relationship With Environmental Variables in the South China Sea
Lang Huang, Xiaofeng Zhao, Yudi Liu, Pinglv Yang; Jiaqi Ding, Zeming Zhou - Study of the Deterministic Transmission Loss Prediction Model for Troposcatter
Qiang Zhao, Li-Xia Yang, Xiang-Ming Guo, Dong Zhu, Yu-Sheng Zhang, Yi-Wen Wei, Qing-Liang Li - Modeling of Scattering by Dense Random Media Consisting of Particle Clusters With DMRT Bicontinuous
Jiyue Zhu, Leung Tsang, Xiaolan Xu - Statistical Modeling of Atmospheric Propagation Channel at W-Band Through Sun-Tracking Microwave Radiometric Measurements for Non-Geostationary Satellite Links
Marianna Biscarini, Giovanni Stazi, Luca Milani, Lorenzo Luini, Carlo Riva, Domenico Cimini, Saverio Teodosio Nilo, Sabrina Gentile, Filomena Romano, George Brost, Antonio Martellucci - The Comparison of Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network and Deep Forest for the Evaporation Duct Height Prediction
Qixiang Liao; Yanbo Mai; Zheng Sheng; Yuhui Wang; Qingjian Ni; Shudao Zhou - Observed Over-the-Horizon Propagation Characteristics and Evaporation Duct Inversion During the Entire Process of Tropical Cyclone Mulan (202207)
Shuwen Wang; Kunde Yang; Yang Shi; Fan Yang; Hao Zhang - Far-Field Antenna Pattern Measurements Using a UAS-Based Dynamic Gimbal Scan System
Antonio R. Segales; David Schvartzman; Khuda Burdi; Jorge L. Salazar-Cerreño; Caleb Fulton; Robert D. Palmer - The Observed Effects of a Cold Wave on Over-the-Horizon Propagation in Evaporation Ducts Across Multiple Sea Areas
Kunde Yang; Fan Yang; Shuwen Wang; Yang Shi; Hao Zhang - Prediction of Over-the-Horizon Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in Evaporation Ducts Based on the Gated Recurrent Unit Network Model
Shuwen Wang; Kunde Yang; Yang Shi; Fan Yang; Hao Zhang; Yuanliang Ma - Relative Influence of Sea State and Mean, Turbulent, and Heterogenous Refractivity on X-Band Propagation
Douglas M. Pastore; Erin E. Hackett - The Horizontal Inhomogeneity of the Evaporation Duct Based on Surface Bulk Measurements Over the South China Sea
Ning Yang; Debin Su; Luyao Sun; Tujin Lu; Dan Song; Tao Wang